THE EFFECTS OF FEEDBACK ON EFL LEARNERS’ WRITING SKILLS

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Dedication, Acknowledgments, Abstract, List of Abbreviations, Glossary, List of Tables, List of Figures, Table of Content, Introduction, 1-.Background of the Study, 2-Rationale of the Study, 3-Aim of the Study, 4-Reasearch Questions, 5-Hypothesis, 6-Methodology, 7- Structure of the Study, Chapter One: The Writing Skill, 1-1 Introduction, 1-2-History of Writing, 1-3-The Writing Process, 1-3-1-What is writing?, 1-3-2- Components of the Writing Skill, 1-3-2-1- Organization, 1-3-2-2- Clarity, 1-3-2-3- Coherence, 1-3-2-4- Word Choice, 1-3-2-5- Mechanics, 1-3-3- Stages of Developing Skills, 1-3-3-1- Planning, 1-3-3-2- Drafting, 1-3-3-3- Editing (Reflecting and Revising), 1-3-3-4- Publishing (Final Version), 1-4- Importance of Writing, 1-4-1 Reinforcement, 1-4-2 Language Development, 1-4-3 Learning Style, 1-4-4 -Writing as a Skill, 1-5- Approaches to Teaching Writing, 1-5-1- The Controlled to Free- Approach, 1-5-2- The Free -Writing Approach, 1-5-3 -The Paragraph Pattern Approach, 1-5-4 -The Grammar – Syntax- Organization Approach, 1-5-5-The Communicative – Approach, 1-5-6-The Process Approach, 1-5-7- The Genre Approach, 1-6- Building the Writing Skill in EFL Classrooms, 1-6-1- Building Confidence and Enthusiasm, 1-6-2- Students’ requirements, 1-6-3- Instant Writing, 1-6-3-1- Sentence Writing, 1-6-4- Collaborative Writing, 1-6-4-1-Using the Board, 1-6-4-2 Writing in Groups and Pairs, 1-6-4-3 Writing to Each Other, 1-7 Making Decisions in the Writing Process, 1-7-1- Coordination Decisions in the Writing Process, 1-7-1-1- Writing as a Cognitive Process, 1-7-1-2 Planning Content, 1-7-1-3 Writing Discourse, 1-7-2-Learners’ Problem in Writing, 1-7-3- Writing Correction, 1-8- Implications for the Teaching of Writing, 1-8-2- Writing Activities, 1-9-Writing and Other Language Skills, 1-9-1- The Four Skills Work Together, 1-9-2- Writing and Speaking, 1-9-3-Writing and Reading, 1-10- The Role of the Teacher in the Process of Writing, A-Demonstrating, B-Motivating and Provoking, C-Supporting, D-Responding and Evaluating, D-1-Responding, D-2- Evaluating, 1-11-Error and Error Analysis, 1-11-1-Description and Classification of Errors, 1-11-2- Error Correction, 1-12 Conclusion, Chapter Two: The Effects of Feedback on EFL learners’ writing Skill, 2-1 Introduction, 2.2 Feedback, 2.2.1 Definition of Feedback, 2.2.2 The Purpose of Feedback, 2.2.3 Forms of Feedback, a. Informal Feedback, b. Formal Feedback, c. Formative Feedback, d. Summative Feedback, e. Students’ Peer Feedback, f. Students’ Self-Feedback, g. Constructive Feedback, 2.2.4 Source of Feedback, a. Peer Feedback, b. Student Feedback, c. Teacher Feedback, 2.3 Feedback in the Process of Writing, 2.4 The Power of Feedback, 2.4.1 The Rationale for Teaching Students to Provide Feedback, 2.4.2 Developing a Supportive Classroom Culture, 2.5 What Meaningful Feedback Looks Like?, 2.5.1 Teaching Students to Receive and Apply Feedback, a. Ask the Right Questions, b. Collaborative Dialogue, c. Ongoing Self-Assessment and Peer Assessment, 2.5.2 Helping Students Understand the Feedback Process, a-Show Students why Feedback is Important, b-Provide Opportunities to Interact with Feedback, 2.6 The Nuts and the Bolts of Feedback, 2.6.1 Developing and Maintaining expert Groups, 2.6.2 Using Technology to Support Feedback, 2.7 Types of Written Feedback, 2.7.1 Direct Corrective Feedback, 2.7.2 Indirect Corrective Feedback, 2.7.3 Meta-linguistic Corrective Feedback, 2.7.4 Focused and Unfocused Feedback, 2.7.5 Electronic Corrective Feedback, 2.7.7 Responding & Correcting, 2.7.7.1 Responding, 2.7.7.2 Correcting, 2.7.8 Ways of Responding to Students’ Work, 2.7.8.1 Responding to Work in Progress, 2.7.8.2 Guided Writing / Conference Writing, 2.7.8.3 Responding by Written Comments, 2.8 Peer Feedback, 2.8.1 Definition, 2.8.2 Benefits of Peer Feedback, a-Acquiring New Knowledge, b-Identifying Errors, c-Keeping Everyone on Track, 2.8.3 The Principles of Using Peer Feedback in Writing, 2.8.4 Some Challenges and Concerns of Peer Feedback, 2.8.4.1 Why Can Peers not just Simply Exchange Essays and Comments?

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